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M&E systems and the platform approach to DfMA.

For tall buildings this can lead to very high stacks that would impact the building’s appearance and will likely require Planning Permission.For example, a 10-storey office building with an average floor to floor height of 4m would require a stack 10m tall (nearly 3 storeys.)

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There are a few ways to challenge this, including CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) modelling and the use of alternative discharge stacks (e.g.strobic fans), which may be necessary for some office to lab conversions.Of course, local standards elsewhere will vary.. 5.

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Existing office buildings may struggle to accommodate new laboratory utility plant and distribution.. A typical lab will consume two to five times as much energy as an office and may also have additional back-up power requirements.This means more power and cooling, and therefore more plant (e.g.

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chillers, heat pumps, generators, UPS) and distribution which can be difficult to install due to lack of space.

Also, existing office utility plant may simply be too old, inefficient, or unreliable for lab use, making upgrades necessary..This isn’t a necessity – many clients have reported that just the process of defining and writing down their own rules processes is valuable, and the manual test fits are already far quicker than bespoke designs..

However, codifying these rules to drive an algorithmic or computational design process, results in a dramatic increase in the speed and quality of adapting Reference Design to a myriad of constraints and needs.On our website, for example, you can see.

an app that tests the suitability of new sites for schools.by configuring the potential options in 10 minutes,.